标题： 实时脑机接口控制带双边感觉反馈的步行外骨骼 显示英文标题

标题： Real-Time Brain-Computer Interface Control of Walking Exoskeleton with Bilateral Sensory Feedback

摘要： 侵入式脑机接口（BCI）技术已经展示了恢复截瘫脊髓损伤患者大脑控制行走的可能性。然而，当前的BCI控制行走的实现仍然存在显著缺点。特别是，先前的系统是单向的，缺乏对感觉丧失患者的感官反馈，过度依赖双侧手臂区域的大脑信号，并且依赖外部系统进行信号处理。受这些不足的推动，本研究首次展示了一种双向脑机接口（BDBCI），在利用双侧腿部运动和感觉皮层的同时，实现了大脑控制行走和腿部感觉反馈的恢复。在这里，一名接受幕下硬膜外皮质电图电极植入以评估癫痫手术的受试者利用了双侧半球间初级运动和感觉皮层的腿部代表区来操作一个高性能的BDBCI。尽管在半球间区域植入电极不常见，但可以安全地在此区域植入电极以获取丰富的腿部运动信息并提供双侧腿部感觉反馈。最后，我们证明所有BDBCI操作都可以在一个专用的便携嵌入式系统上执行。这些结果表明，BDBCI有可能为脊髓损伤后的截瘫患者提供一种模拟完全植入且不受任何外部系统限制的大脑控制行走和人工腿部感觉。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) technology has demonstrated the possibility of restoring brain-controlled walking in paraplegic spinal cord injury patients. However, current implementations of BCI-controlled walking still have significant drawbacks. In particular, prior systems are unidirectional and lack sensory feedback for insensate patients, have suboptimal reliance on brain signals from the bilateral arm areas of the motor cortex, and depend on external systems for signal processing. Motivated by these shortcomings, this study is the first time a bidirectional brain-computer interface (BDBCI) has demonstrated the restoration of both brain-controlled walking and leg sensory feedback while utilizing the bilateral leg motor and sensory cortices. Here, a subject undergoing subdural electrocorticogram electrode implantation for epilepsy surgery evaluation leveraged the leg representation areas of the bilateral interhemispheric primary motor and sensory cortices to operate a BDBCI with high performance. Although electrode implantation in the interhemispheric region is uncommon, electrodes can be safely implanted in this region to access rich leg motor information and deliver bilateral leg sensory feedback. Finally, we demonstrated that all BDBCI operations can be executed on a dedicated, portable embedded system. These results indicate that BDBCIs can potentially provide brain-controlled ambulation and artificial leg sensation to people with paraplegia after spinal cord injury in a manner that emulates full-implantability and is untethered from any external systems.