标题： 宇称-时间对称激光腔中的耗散孤子 显示英文标题

标题： Dissipative solitons in parity-time symmetric laser cavities

摘要： 光学相干超短脉冲通过锁模激光器的生成已经彻底改变了现代科学和技术的进步。这些脉冲通常源于耗散孤子的形成，后者由于能量激发和耗散之间的平衡而出现。利用宇称时间（PT）对称性的概念来控制这种平衡，我们展示了一种新型的激光耗散孤子，它们存在于线性耦合环形腔中。我们的实验在一个激光器中进行，其中线性混合模式处于PT对称相。我们通过Kerr非线性选择打破PT对称性，实验观察到短脉冲的形成并被稳定。我们的研究结果为被动锁模打开了新的可能性，展示了在PT对称激光中自发脉冲形成的潜力，而无需额外复杂的组件，如饱和吸收器或非互易和偏振敏感元件。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The generation of optically coherent ultrashort pulses by mode-locked lasers has revolutionized advancements in modern science and technology. These pulses often arise from the formation of dissipative solitons, which emerge due to a balance between energy excitation and dissipation. Harnessing the concept of parity-time (PT) symmetry to control this balance, we demonstrate a new type of laser dissipative solitons hosted in linearly coupled ring cavities. Our experiments are performed in a laser where the linear hybridized modes are in the PT-symmetric phase. We experimentally observe the formation of short pulses, stabilized by the selective breaking of the PT-symmetry by the Kerr nonlinearity. Our results unlock new possibilities for passive mode-locking by showing spontaneous pulse formation in PT-symmetric lasers without the need for additional intricate components such as saturable absorber or non-reciprocal and polarisation sensitive elements.