标题： 从人工智能到主动推理：实现真正人工智能和6G世界大脑的关键 [特邀] 显示英文标题

标题： From Artificial Intelligence to Active Inference: The Key to True AI and 6G World Brain [Invited]

摘要： 在2021年OFC全体会议的开场演讲中，阿里巴巴集团的蔡毅群在后续问答环节中特别指出，当今的复杂网络不仅仅是计算机科学的问题——它们在生长，它们是生命。这意味着未来的网络可能应该被看作技术-社会系统，类似于具有类脑认知能力的生物超级有机体。快进到现在，人们现在越来越意识到，我们必须彻底改变我们的网络，使其从静态变为一个能够作为AI驱动的网络“大脑”的生命体，正如法国Orange公司的首席技术和创新官布鲁诺·泽比布在2025年移动世界大会（MWC 2025）上最近所指出的那样。尽管AI在MWC和OFC 2025上都处于核心位置，并且已经在光网络的背景下得到了广泛研究，但目前尚无关于光（更不用说移动）网络中主动推断的出版物。主动推断是一种理想的方法论，通过模仿生物智能系统的工作方式来开发更先进的AI系统，同时克服当前AI在训练、学习和可解释性方面的局限性。主动推断被认为是实现真正AI的关键：更少的人工，更多的智能。本文的目标有两个。首先，我们旨在通过向光网络研究人员介绍主动推断框架的主要数学概念，帮助他们构想未来具有人机交互能力的光网络的新研究方向。其次，我们探讨了菌根网络——地球上最大的生命体，在卡尔·弗里斯顿（主动推断之父）提出的未来十年及以后的AI愿景和研发路线图中，菌根网络在AI愿景和研发路线图中的作用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： In his opening OFC plenary talk back in 2021, Alibaba Group's Yiqun Cai notably added in the follow-up Q&A that today's complex networks are more than computer science - they grow, they are life. This entails that future networks may be better viewed as techno-social systems that resemble biological superorganisms with brain-like cognitive capabilities. Fast-forwarding, there is now growing awareness that we have to completely change our networks from being static into being a living entity that would act as an AI-powered network `brain', as recently stated by Bruno Zerbib, Chief Technology and Innovation Officer of France's Orange, at the Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2025. Even though AI was front and center at both MWC and OFC 2025 and has been widely studied in the context of optical networks, there are currently no publications on active inference in optical (and less so mobile) networks available. Active inference is an ideal methodology for developing more advanced AI systems by biomimicking the way living intelligent systems work, while overcoming the limitations of today's AI related to training, learning, and explainability. Active inference is considered the key to true AI: Less artificial, more intelligent. The goal of this paper is twofold. First, we aim at enabling optical network researchers to conceptualize new research lines for future optical networks with human-AI interaction capabilities by introducing them to the main mathematical concepts of the active inference framework. Second, we demonstrate how to move AI research beyond the human brain toward the 6G world brain by exploring the role of mycorrhizal networks, the largest living organism on planet Earth, in the AI vision and R&D roadmap for the next decade and beyond laid out by Karl Friston, the father of active inference.