标题： pQCD能损在系统大小、味、$\sqrt{s_{NN}}$和$p_T$上的统计分析 显示英文标题

标题： Statistical analysis of pQCD energy loss across system size, flavor, $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$, and $p_T$

摘要： 我们展示了基于pQCD的能量损失模型的抑制预测，该模型考虑了小系统尺寸的修正，针对高能 RHIC 和 LHC 中心碰撞系统从大到小的变化，给出了不同中心度、 flavour、$p_T$ $\pi$ 、$D$和$B$介子的$R_{AB}$随着$\sqrt{s_{NN}}$和$p_T$的变化。 统计分析用于约束我们模型中的有效强耦合，使其与 RHIC 和 LHC 中心重离子碰撞的可用高能$p_T$抑制数据一致，与所有可用数据均具有良好的一致性。 我们在模型中估计了两个重要的理论不确定性，分别来源于：碰撞能量损失中真空中传播子与硬热圈传播子之间的转换，以及辐射胶子动量上的角截断。 我们发现，一致地，在重味和轻味末态以及中心、半中心和周边碰撞中提取出的$\alpha_s$值相对保持不变。 我们利用大系统约束的模型对小系统做出预测，并发现与 PHENIX 实验中$0-5\%$中心性$d$+ Au 碰撞的光子归一化$R^{\pi^0}_{d \text{Au}} \simeq 0.75 $数据具有很好的一致性。 然而，我们发现与 ALICE 和 ATLAS 测量的$R^{h^{\pm}}_{p \text{Pb}} \gtrsim 1$在$0-5\%$中心度$p$+ Pb 碰撞中的结果存在强烈分歧；我们认为这种分歧在很大程度上是由于中心度偏差。我们预测了${}^3$He + Au 和$p$+ Au 碰撞中抑制比，这在未来可能用于区分小系统中初始态和终态抑制。然后我们将结果与各种数据子集进行比较，从而可以估算出非微扰过程变得重要的低$p_T$尺度、强耦合运行的尺度以及真空传播子过渡到热修正传播子的尺度，这些都与碰撞能量损失相关。 显示英文摘要

摘要： We present suppression predictions from our pQCD-based energy loss model, which receives small system size corrections, for high-$p_T$ $\pi$, $D$ and $B$ meson $R_{AB}$ as a function of centrality, flavor, $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$, and $p_T$ from large to small collision systems at RHIC and LHC. A statistical analysis is used to constrain the effective strong coupling in our model to available high-$p_T$ suppression data from central heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC, yielding good agreement with all available data. We estimate two important theoretical uncertainties in our model, stemming from: the transition between vacuum and hard thermal loop propagators in the collisional energy loss, and from the angular cutoff on the radiated gluon momentum. We find, consistently, that the extracted $\alpha_s$ remains relatively unchanged across heavy- and light-flavor final states and across central, semi-central, and peripheral collisions. We make predictions from our large-system-constrained model for small systems and find good agreement with photon-normalized $R^{\pi^0}_{d \text{Au}} \simeq 0.75 $ in $0-5\%$ centrality $d$ + Au collisions by PHENIX. However, we find strong disagreement with the measured $R^{h^{\pm}}_{p \text{Pb}} \gtrsim 1$ in $0-5\%$ centrality $p$ + Pb collisions by ALICE and ATLAS; we argue that this disagreement is due, in large part, to centrality bias. We make predictions for the ratio of suppression in ${}^3$He + Au and $p$ + Au collisions, which may in the future be used to disentangle final- from initial-state suppression in small systems. We then compare our results to various subsets of data, which allows us to estimate the preferred: low-$p_T$ scale at which non-perturbative processes become important, scales at which the strong coupling runs, and scale at which vacuum propagators transition to thermally modified propagators in collisional energy loss.