标题： 使用壁细胞尖端生长的双配置模型从细胞形状推断胞吐图谱 显示英文标题

标题： Inferring Exocytosis Profiles from Cell Shapes Using a Dual-Configuration Model of Walled Cell Tip Growth

摘要： 菌丝细胞的顶端生长，如根毛、苔藓原丝体和真菌菌丝，依赖于由膨压、壁力学和胞吐作用驱动的协调细胞壁扩展。 我们引入了一个双构型模型，结合了膨胀和非膨胀状态，以描述细胞壁生长作为弹性变形和不可逆扩展的综合效应。 该框架通过自相似性条件将其表述为一个初值问题，直接从细胞形态和弹性拉伸推断出胞吐分布。 将该模型应用于三叶草根毛、苔藓 Physcomitrium patens 原丝体和类似菌丝的形状，我们发现，在锥形细胞中，胞吐作用在顶端达到峰值，但在尖端较平的细胞中，超过某个阈值后，胞吐作用会转移到远离顶端的环形区域。 该模型推广了以前的流体模型，并在胞吐分布与细胞形状之间建立了机制联系，解释了不同物种中顶端生长细胞观察到的变化。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Tip growth in filamentous cells, such as root hairs, moss protonemata, and fungal hyphae, depends on coordinated cell wall extension driven by turgor pressure, wall mechanics, and exocytosis. We introduce a dual-configuration model that incorporates both turgid and unturgid states to describe cell wall growth as the combined effect of elastic deformation and irreversible extension. This framework infers exocytosis profiles directly from cell morphology and elastic stretches, formulated as an initial value problem based on the self-similarity condition. Applying the model to Medicago truncatula root hairs, moss Physcomitrium patens protonemata, and hyphoid-like shapes, we find that exocytosis peaks at the tip in tapered cells but shifts to an annular region away from the apex in flatter-tip cells beyond a threshold. The model generalizes previous fluid models and provides a mechanistic link between exocytosis distribution and cell shape, explaining observed variations in tip-growing cells across species.