标题： 光热驱动的双激光光镊混合微凝胶 显示英文标题

标题： Photo-Thermal Actuation of Hybrid Microgels with Dual Laser Optical Tweezers

摘要： 柔性执行器能够对外部刺激作出反应，在微尺度机器人、活性物质和仿生系统中起着基础性作用。 在这些执行器中，含有等离子纳米颗粒的光热混合凝胶（HMGs）通过局部加热实现了快速、空间可控的驱动。 了解它们在单粒子层面的动态行为对于优化性能至关重要。 然而，传统的体相表征方法如动态光散射（DLS），只能提供平均数据，从而限制了分析的深入程度。 在这里，我们引入了一种双激光光镊方法，用于在受控光照条件下对HMGs进行实时的单粒子分析。 结合直接成像和均方位移（MSD）分析，我们的方法量化了驱动所需的精确激光功率，并准确跟踪了粒子尺寸。 我们将结果与现有的双激光DLS进行对比，证明了其精度相当，同时具有单执行器分辨率的独特优势。 因此，我们的方法为可编程执行器的精确优化提供了一个强大的平台，适用于软体机器人、微泳器和生物医学应用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Soft actuators that respond to external stimuli play a fundamental role in microscale robotics, active matter, and bio-inspired systems. Among these actuators, photo-thermal hybrid microgels (HMGs) containing plasmonic nanoparticles enable rapid, spatially controlled actuation via localized heating. Understanding their dynamic behavior at the single-particle level is crucial for optimizing performance. However, traditional bulk characterization methods such as dynamic light scattering (DLS), provide only ensemble-averaged data, thereby limiting analytical insights. Here, we introduce a dual-laser optical tweezers approach for real-time, single-particle analysis of HMGs under controlled light exposure. Combining direct imaging and mean-square displacement (MSD) analysis, our method quantifies the precise laser power required for actuation and accurately tracks the particle size. We benchmark our results against an existing dual-laser DLS, demonstrating comparable precision while offering the unique advantage of single-actuator resolution. Thus, our method provides as a robust platform for precise optimization of programmable actuators with applications in soft robotics, microswimmers, and biomedical applications.