标题： 混合锁定克尔微波器用于灵活的片上光学时钟分频 显示英文标题

标题： Hybrid-Locked Kerr Microcombs for Flexible On-Chip Optical Clock Division

摘要： 光学原子钟提供了无与伦比的精度，但其尺寸和复杂性仍然使它们局限于专用实验室。 频率梳为时钟读出提供了必要的光学到微波的分频，但传统的光纤或体激光频率梳体积太大，不适合便携使用。 芯片集成微梳的出现，即在微米尺度谐振器中生成的频率梳，彻底改变了这一局面，使得完全微型化、低功耗的时钟成为可能，在单个芯片上连接光学和射频领域。 然而，仅通过泵浦激光控制稳定微梳会将原本独立的反馈参数纠缠在一起，引入额外的技术噪声，并阻止光学频率的灵活部分分频。 在此，我们提出并展示了一种通用的片上光学钟架构，支持光学的的部分和完整分频。 一种混合的被动-主动方案能够独立锁定微梳的任意两个齿，消除了控制环路之间的交叉耦合。 利用泵浦激光作为非线性执行器来稳定任意一个齿，我们实现了1e-16的残余相对频率不稳定度。 这一进展使集成光学钟更接近实际部署，并为精密定时和导航开辟了新途径。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Optical atomic clocks deliver unrivaled precision, yet their size and complexity still confine them to specialized laboratories. Frequency combs provide the crucial optical-to-microwave division needed for clock readout, but conventional fiber- or bulk-laser combs are far too large for portable use. The advent of chip-integrated microcombs, frequency combs generated in micron-scale resonators, has revolutionized this landscape, enabling fully miniaturized, low-power clocks that bridge optical and radio-frequency domains on a single chip. Nevertheless, stabilizing a microcomb solely through pump laser control entangles otherwise independent feedback parameters, injects extra technical noise, and prevents flexible partial division of the optical frequency. Here, we propose and demonstrate a universal on-chip optical-clock architecture that supports both partial and full optical division. A hybrid passive-active scheme enables locking any two microcomb teeth independently, eliminating cross-coupling of control loops. Using the pump laser as a nonlinear actuator to stabilize an arbitrary tooth, we achieve a residual relative frequency instability of 1e-16. This advance brings integrated optical clocks closer to real-world deployment and opens new avenues for precision timing and navigation.