标题： 垂直根的形态动力学、演化和生态学 显示英文标题

标题： Geomorphodynamics, evolution, and ecology of vertical roots

摘要： 一些沿海和湿地树木的根部生长出奇特的垂直突起，其功能尚不清楚。 在这里，我们使用基于第一性原理流体和沉积动力学的计算模拟，认为这些突起共同作用，在树木下游形成一个沉积物丰富的区域，从而为幼苗创造了自己的肥沃且防洪的繁殖场所。 在我们的模拟中，我们改变垂直根的直径、根间距和总根面积，并表明存在一个最优的垂直根间距，该间距取决于根的厚度。 接下来，我们量化并讨论相邻垂直根斑块之间的协同效应。 最后，通过改变树木斑块的垂直根间距，我们估计了垂直根生产对地形形态产生有益响应的最大植被密度。 我们的假设表明，垂直根，如落羽杉树的“膝状根”，在塑造河岸地形和群落结构中起着重要作用。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The roots of some coastal and wetland trees grow peculiar vertical protrusions, the function of which remains unclear. Here, using computational simulations based on first-principles fluid and sedimentation dynamics, we argue that the protrusions work together to create an elevated patch of sediment downstream of the tree, thereby creating its own fertile flood-protected breeding grounds for the seedlings. In our simulations, we vary the vertical root diameter, root spacing and total root area and show that there is an optimal vertical root spacing that depends on root thickness. Next, we quantify and discuss the cooperative effects between adjacent vertical root patches. Lastly, by varying vertical root spacing of a patch of trees, we estimate a maximal vegetation density for which vertical root production has a beneficial geomorphological response. Our hypothesis suggests that vertical roots, such as the "knee roots" of baldcypress trees, have an important role in shaping riparian geomorphology and community structure.