标题： 反应网络中周期振荡的化学计量配方 显示英文标题

标题： Stoichiometric recipes for periodic oscillations in reaction networks

摘要： 振荡化学反应是多种生物环境中功能组件。 在化学中，即使是基本的振荡器的构建和识别仍然难以捉摸，并且缺乏一个通用框架。 使用参数丰富的动力学——一种能够将参数依赖性与结构分析分离的方法——我们研究了化学振荡器的计量关系。 我们引入了振荡核心的概念——保证在包含它们的任何反应网络中具有振荡潜力的最小子网络。 这些核心根据是否涉及正反馈或负反馈分为两类。 特别是，后一类揭示了一类尚未合成的振荡器，它们需要最少的反应步骤才能表现出振荡，我们称之为长度原理。 我们确定了几种催化促进振荡的机制：(I) 提供不稳定性（例如自催化），(II) 消除依赖性，(III) 降低长度阈值。 尽管这种机制普遍存在，但我们表明振荡器也可以在不使用任何催化的情况下实现。 我们的结果突出了化学中振荡器可能偶然出现的领域，提出了设计振荡器的新策略，并指向了尚未在实验中实现的新一类振荡器。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Oscillatory chemical reactions are functional components in a variety of biological contexts. In chemistry, the construction and identification of even rudimentary oscillators remain elusive and lack a general framework. Using parameter-rich kinetics - a methodology enabling the disentanglement of parametric dependencies from structural analysis - we investigate the stoichiometry of chemical oscillators. We introduce the concept of oscillatory cores - minimal subnetworks that guarantee the potential for oscillations in any reaction network containing them. These cores fall into two classes, depending on whether they involve positive or negative feedback. In particular, the latter class unveils a family of oscillators - yet to be synthesized - that require a minimum number of reaction steps to exhibit oscillations, a phenomenon we refer to as the principle of length. We identify several mechanisms through which catalysis promotes oscillations: (I) furnishing instability (e.g. autocatalysis), (II) lifting dependencies, (III) lowering length thresholds. Notwithstanding this mechanistic ubiquity, we show that oscillators can also be realized without employing any catalysis. Our results highlight branches of chemistry where oscillators are likely to arise by chance, suggest new strategies for their design, and point to novel classes of oscillators yet to be realized experimentally.