标题： 通过自维护性实现全实验室自动化的护理自动化 显示英文标题

标题： Automating Care by Self-maintainability for Full Laboratory Automation

摘要： 生命科学和化学实验的自动化随着各种仪器和人工智能技术的发展取得了显著进展。 然而，实现完整的实验室自动化，即科学家构思的实验能够在自动化实验室中无缝执行，仍然是一项挑战。 我们识别出在规划和操作任务中的自动化不足——这些关键的人工管理过程统称为“护理”——是主要障碍。 自动化护理是实现完整实验室自动化的关键推动因素。 为了解决这个问题，我们提出了自维护性（SeM）的概念：实验室系统自主适应内部和外部干扰的能力，以保持类似于活细胞的操作准备状态。 一个具备SeM的实验室具有自主识别自身状态、动态资源和信息管理以及对意外情况做出适应性响应的能力。 这将实验工作流程的规划和执行，包括调度和试剂分配，从人类转移到系统。 我们提出了实现SeM-enabled实验室的概念框架，包括三个模块——需求管理器、实验室设备管理器和设备管理器——以及一个中央管理器。 SeM不仅使科学家能够无缝执行设想的实验，还为开发者提供了一个设计概念，推动实现完整自动化所需的技术创新。 显示英文摘要

摘要： The automation of experiments in life sciences and chemistry has significantly advanced with the development of various instruments and AI technologies. However, achieving full laboratory automation, where experiments conceived by scientists are seamlessly executed in automated laboratories, remains a challenge. We identify the lack of automation in planning and operational tasks--critical human-managed processes collectively termed "care"--as a major barrier. Automating care is the key enabler for full laboratory automation. To address this, we propose the concept of self-maintainability (SeM): the ability of a laboratory system to autonomously adapt to internal and external disturbances, maintaining operational readiness akin to living cells. A SeM-enabled laboratory features autonomous recognition of its state, dynamic resource and information management, and adaptive responses to unexpected conditions. This shifts the planning and execution of experimental workflows, including scheduling and reagent allocation, from humans to the system. We present a conceptual framework for implementing SeM-enabled laboratories, comprising three modules--Requirement manager, Labware manager, and Device manager--and a Central manager. SeM not only enables scientists to execute envisioned experiments seamlessly but also provides developers with a design concept that drives the technological innovations needed for full automation.