标题： 硅是植物合成生物学的下一个前沿领域 显示英文标题

标题： Silicon is the next frontier in plant synthetic biology

摘要： 硅与碳有显著的相似性，并存在于植物细胞中。 然而，目前尚未确定硅在植物生命周期中的特定作用。 植物细胞中的硅含量具有物种特异性，可以达到与大量营养素相当的水平。 硅是人工智能、纳米技术和数字革命的核心元素，因此可以像核酸一样作为信息分子，而硅与其他化学物质的多样结合潜力类似于碳，因此可以作为结构候选物，如蛋白质。 在火星和月球上发现大量硅，以及最近开发出能够将硅引入有机分子的酶，推动了创造基于硅的生命的理论。 最近，通过定向进化改造了细菌细胞色素，使其能够裂解有机硅化合物中的硅-碳键，从而巩固了在生物分子中利用硅的想法。 在本文中，假设了基于硅的生命形式的潜力，并提出了自养类病毒颗粒可能是研究这种潜力的有利候选者。 在合成生物学和天体生物学领域的此类研究将在医学、可持续农业和环境可持续性领域对地球产生相关益处。 文献计量分析表明，对合成生物学的兴趣正在增加。 德国在与植物合成生物学相关的研究方面处于领先地位，而英国的生物技术与生物科学研究中心（BBSRC）在资金投入方面最高，中国科学院在该领域发表的论文数量最多。 显示英文摘要

摘要： Silicon has striking similarity with carbon and is found in plant cells. However, there is no specific role that has been assigned to silicon in the life cycle of plants. The amount of silicon in plant cells is species specific and can reach levels comparable to macronutrients. Silicon is the central element for artificial intelligence, nanotechnology and digital revolution thus can act as an informational molecule like nucleic acids while the diverse bonding potential of silicon with different chemical species is analogous to carbon and thus can serve as a structural candidate such as proteins. The discovery of large amounts of silicon on Mars and the moon along with the recent developments of enzyme that can incorporate silicon into organic molecules has propelled the theory of creating silicon-based life. More recently, bacterial cytochrome has been modified through directed evolution such that it could cleave silicon-carbon bonds in organo-silicon compounds thus consolidating on the idea of utilizing silicon in biomolecules. In this article the potential of silicon-based life forms has been hypothesized along with the reasoning that autotrophic virus-like particles can be a lucrative candidate to investigate such potential. Such investigations in the field of synthetic biology and astrobiology will have corollary benefit on Earth in the areas of medicine, sustainable agriculture and environmental sustainability. Bibliometric analysis indicates an increasing interest in synthetic biology. Germany leads in research related to plant synthetic biology, while Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) at UK has highest financial commitments and Chinese Academy of Sciences generates the highest number of publications in the field.